The Necessity of Establishing a Regional Marine Research Program for the U.S. West Coast

The welfare of the marine environment of the U.S. West Coast of California, Oregon, and Washington is hindered by insufficient understanding of ecosystem dynamics and human pressures. Greater coordination, integration, and support of mutually identified research priorities across research organizations on the West Coast are necessary. This level of collaboration is essential to responding to regional ecosystem threats, such as the impacts of human occupation of coastal areas, over-harvesting of marine resources, and climate change. To address this need for collaboration and build on the accomplishments of existing research organizations, this article advocates the establishment of a West Coast regional marine research program (RMRP).     

冲击碾压技术在高速公路施工中的应用

在公路工程施工中，冲击碾压技术不仅能够使路基的强度和密实度得到提升，而且还可以使成本降低、沉降减小、施工效率提高。就高速公路施工中冲击碾压技术的原理和应用实例进行探讨，具有一定的理论和实际意义。     

网络合作学习策略下的大学生英语思辨能力培养实证研究

我国大学英语新一轮教学改革特别强调应注重学思结合,其根本目标就是要提高学生的思辨能力、创新能力。作者将网络合作学习策略探索性的应用在大学英语课堂教学活动中,通过实验教学、问卷调查及访谈等方式开展实证研究。通过实验数据分析,发现网络合作学习策略在教学中的应用的确对提高学生的思辨能力水平起到了积极推动的作用。     

User perspectives in public transport timetable optimisation

The present paper deals with timetable optimisation from the perspective of minimising the waiting time experienced by passengers when transferring either to or from a bus. Due to its inherent complexity, this bi-level minimisation problem is extremely difficult to solve mathematically, since timetable optimisation is a non-linear non-convex mixed integer problem, with passenger flows defined by the route choice model, whereas the route choice model is a non-linear non-continuous mapping of the timetable. Therefore, a heuristic solution approach is developed in this paper, based on the idea of varying and optimising the offset of the bus lines. Varying the offset for a bus line impacts the waiting time passengers experience at any transfer stop on the bus line.In the bi-level timetable optimisation problem, the lower level is a transit assignment calculation yielding passengers’ route choice. This is used as weight when minimising waiting time by applying a Tabu Search algorithm to adapt the offset values for bus lines. The updated timetable then serves as input in the following transit assignment calculation. The process continues until convergence.The heuristic solution approach was applied on the large-scale public transport network in Denmark. The timetable optimisation approach yielded a yearly reduction in weighted waiting time equivalent to approximately 45 million Danish kroner (9 million USD).     

保阜高速公路跨京广铁路立交桥梁方案研究

目前我国高速公路、市政道路与铁路发生交叉越来越多,如何选择合理的跨越方案,减少对铁路运营的影响,是当前需要重点研究的课题。就上跨铁路的桥梁方案进行研究,提出了预应力混凝土T形刚构转体、预应力混凝土独塔单索面斜拉桥、预应力混凝土T梁的桥梁方案,并对各个方案进行全面评价,并选择对铁路影响最小的T形刚构转体方案跨越,显著减少对铁路的影响,并确保铁路运营的安全。     

西安至宝鸡铁路客运专线速度目标值方案研究

西安至宝鸡铁路客运专线是陇海客运通道的重要组成部分,其修建对推动西部大开发战略具有重要意义。快速、安全、舒适、便捷是旅客运输的需求,铁路客运专线作为大众化交通工具,速度目标值的选择是满足旅客快捷需求的基本要素。结合西安至宝鸡铁路客运专线勘察设计工程实践,从通道客流特点入手,以时间目标值选择为基础,分线下工程和线上工程两个方面,从不同速度目标值方案采用的主要技术标准、影响工程投资的主要因素和工程投资经济性、不同速度目标值方案的运营效果和适应性,以及沿线居民对高速铁路经济承受能力及对社会经济影响和路网作用等方面进行系统分析,选择合理的速度目标值方案。同时,也可对新建铁路客运专线速度目标值论证与选择时应考虑的因素、内容及方法提供新的研究思路。     

最小实体要求(LMR)及其应用

本文简要介绍了 LMR的基本内容 ,通过实例说明其在设计中的应用 ,并对相应工艺提出建议     

运用法律保护房产所有权者的合法权益

通过对某高校房地产权属纠纷案例的剖析，阐述了如何正确运用法律，保护所有权的合法权益的重要性与必要性。该案件错综复杂，涉及行政复议、行政诉讼和民事诉讼等多种法律形式，着重强调了诉讼证据和诉讼时效在案件审理中所起的决定性作用，两既相互独立，又互为作用。     

The social context of informal commuting: Slugs, strangers and structuration

Despite considerable interest in the role of social interactions and social context on transportation, there have been very few attempts to explore specific cases of social interaction influencing transportation systems. This paper explores the social practice of slugging, an informal system of carpooling in the Washington, DC area. Slugging emerged in response to the establishment of Virginia’s High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes in the early 1970s, as single drivers picked up riders alongside the road (slugs) in order to meet the requirements for driving in the less congested HOV lanes. Drawing on the work of sociologist Anthony Giddens, as well as the sociological insights of Georg Simmel and Stanley Milgram, we suggest that the practice of slugging highlights the processes of institutionalization and structuration. This paper details how the region’s mass transportation policies and urban culture have combined to result in an institutionalized practice with particular norms and logics of behavior. We conclude that looking at specific cases where social context has affected transportation, like slugging, could provide useful insights on the impact of social context on transportation policies and systems.